LADM-based profile for farmland Tripartite Entitlement System in China

Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has undergone a promotion of industrialisation, urbanisation and agricultural modernisation. This promotion has triggered the mass migration of rural labour forces into cities, leading to the virtual situation of the separation of farmland contract and operation rights. To respond to this issue, the central government proposed a strategy of farmland reform in China. Such reform aims to transform the former ‘Bipartite Entitlement System’ into a ‘Tripartite Entitlement System (TES)’.¹ Land registration provides the means for recognising formalised property rights and regulating the characteristics and transfer of land-related rights. As for farmland registration in China, it serves as a basis to explore effective forms of collective farmland ownership by implementing collective farmland ownership, stabilising farmers’ contract rights and liberalising farmland operation rights. Thus, in this study, on the basis of the farmland tripartite entitlement (hereinafter referred to as ‘FTE’) reform in China, we develop a Land Administration Domain Model (LADM)-based TES model that will serve as the basis of subsequent system development. Specifically, first, we summarise the evolution process of China’s farmland rights system since the foundation of new China. Second, we propose a farmland rights system after the FTE reform. Then, the corresponding TES model is developed based on the LADM standard and some instance-level diagrams for farmland administration activities. The new functionality of the model includes improved structuring of farmland rights and restrictions (and related source documents) and improved expansion of the land information infrastructure to rural areas.     

Environmental Outcomes of Urban Land System Change: Comparing Riparian Design Approaches in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area

In the face of climate change and other environmental challenges, an increasing number of cities are turning to land design to enhance urban sustainability. Land system architecture (LSA)—which examines the role of size, shape, distribution, and connectivity of land units in relation to the system’s social-environmental dynamics—can be a useful perspective for examining how land contributes to the social and environmental aspects of urban sustainability. There are two gaps, however, that prevent LSA from fully contributing to urban sustainability dialogues. First, it is not well understood how urban design goals, as expressed by urban planners and other practitioners, relate to LSA and environmental outcomes. Second, most LSA work focuses on individual environmental outcomes, such as the urban heat island effect, instead of considering the broader suite of outcomes that LSA changes impact. Here, we undertake an integrated assessment of LSA impacts on surface urban heat island (based on land surface temperature), vegetation presence/health (based on NDVI), and bird biota at two riparian sites with different design intentions in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. The Rio Salado in Tempe underwent a city-led, infill redevelopment that mixed economic, recreational, and flood control design goals. The New River in Peoria experienced a more typical developer-driven urbanization. The contexts and design goals of the sites generated differences in their LSA, but only a few of these differences were sufficiently unique to contribute to divergent environmental outcomes. These differences reside in (1) the greater distribution of recreational land-covers and (2) increased surface water at the Rio Salado site compared to the New River site. Both changes are linked to land-cover patches becoming greener and cooler as well as a greater presence of waterbird and warbler species at the Rio Salado site. The distinctions between the sites provide insight for crafting design goals for redeveloping or restoring urban riparian landscapes in the Phoenix metropolitan area that are grounded in LSA. With the incorporation of additional relevant variables, especially socioeconomic ones, the research approach employed in this study provides a foundation for the assessment of other urban land system change.     

知识活动视角下企业大学类型及其支撑能力体系

基于知识视角，任何组织开展的活动均可视为知识活动。企业大学所从事的知识活动不仅包括知识转移活动，还包括知识创造活动和应用孵化活动，不同企业大学开展的知识活动不同，对以上3类知识活动的主导程度也不同。借鉴扎根分析流程，通过多案例研究梳理企业大学的里程碑事件，对企业大学的知识活动类型进行理论提炼并总结相应能力支撑体系。结果发现：①企业大学模式类型并不绝对而是多元的，随着企业大学知识活动的不断丰富和延伸，逐渐演化为不同模式类型;②知识转移活动并非是企业大学唯一的知识活动路径，不宜忽视企业大学知识活动的全息性特征;③企业大学为了更好地履行职能，还应树立支撑能力组合观念，尤其应该按照企业大学知识活动特性和规律构建相应关键能力支撑体系。     

基于重大科技基础设施建设迈向一流大学的路径分析——复杂产品系统动态能力演化视角

科技强国和创新型国家建设越来越依赖于重大科技基础设施的支撑能力。当前我国高校承担重大科技基础设施任务大多处于在建阶段，符合高校特点的能力建设模式尚在探索中。通过对2007-2020年脉冲强磁场重大科技基础设施发展的纵向案例研究，建立复杂产品系统（CoPS）的动态能力演化分析框架，从技术能力和组织能力分析高校承担重大科技基础设施动态能力搜索—获取—转型的演化过程。研究发现，高校通过建立新型“举校”体制，发展自组织网络调动校内外组织和技术互补性资源，能够有效构建高校的复杂组织和技术能力，统筹提升科研成效、学生质量和教师质量，实现面向服务国家战略目标的转型，从而获得一流大学的持续竞争优势。     

“主管国际组织”与海洋科学研究国际法规则体系的发展

为推动海洋科学研究，促进国际合作，以《联合国海洋法公约》为主要载体的海洋科学研究国际法规则体系为“主管国际组织”设置了特殊地位和多重角色。主管国际组织是海洋科学研究的参与者、推动者和引导者。主管国际组织海洋科学研究多元发展的趋势日益明显，这与海洋科学研究“公共性”与主管国际组织“功能主义”相互呼应的特点，以及海洋科学研究国际法规则体系提供的支撑密不可分。主管国际组织海洋科学研究多元发展对海洋科学研究国际法规则体系产生了积极影响，有助于明晰“海洋科学研究”的概念，厘清《公约》海洋科学研究相关规定的适用关系，通过一般准则和方针进一步发展海洋科学研究规则体系；这种发展也带来了规则体系和治理机制的碎片化风险，需要思考如何应对。     

全球人民币清算体系建设研究

随着人民币跨境贸易的蓬勃发展，人民币清算范围也由境内逐渐向外扩展。本文在认真梳理人民币境内清算、跨境清算和离岸清算三个区域层级的基础上，借鉴美元全球清算体系经验，提出了人民币全球清算远景：未来全球人民币清算将逐渐形成代理行为主的模式，同时对人民币跨境支付系统建设提出相关优化建议。     

"三二分段"中高职衔接招生考试制度探讨与研究

"三二分段"中高职衔接招生考试制度已成为高职院校主要的招生考试制度之一,该考试制度可以协调中职与高职教育的发展,是构建现代职业教育体系的重要途径. 但是,在其实践的过程中仍然存在考试制度趋同于普通高考等较多的问题. 研究以天津市为例,就这些问题进行了深入的探讨和分析,提出了一些具有可行性的建议.     

复合型世界遗产及其资源基础和文化内涵--以"峨眉山-乐山大佛"与"青城山-都江堰"为例

本文首次提出“复合型世界遗产”这一概念。在统计目前复合型世界遗产情况的基础上，探讨复合型世界遗产“申报热”这一现象及其意义，并以“峨眉山一乐山大佛”与“青城山一都江堰”为例，对复合型世界遗产的资源基础和文化内涵的“复合”情况进行分析。     

《旅游教育质量认证体系》及其启示

随着全球旅游业的快速发展以及《服务贸易总协定》的实施,对高素质旅游人才的需求越来越旺盛,旅游教育也越加受到各方的关注和期待。但是现阶段由于各国的文化背景、经济状况和教育质量都不尽相同,旅游教育的质量也大相径庭。世界旅游组织(WTO)为更好地提高旅游教育质量以满足迅速发展的旅游业,制定了《旅游教育质量认证体系》(TedQual Certificacion System)。该文主要就《体系》制订的背景、体系的组成、质量标准的构成及认证的程序作简要的介绍,并就其对中国旅游教育的启示阐述个人的观点。     

The Relevance of Organization Theory to the Field of Business and Information Systems Engineering

Information and communication systems (ICS) impact their organizational environment in significant ways; hence, the design, implementation, and use of ICS are inseparably linked to fundamental issues of organizational design and behavior. Current research in the field of business and information systems engineering (BISE), however, is primarily technology- or practice-oriented and concerned with the construction and validation of prototypes, whereas little attention is paid to theoretical insights into organizational phenomena and relationships. In this paper, we argue that paying more attention to organization theory would provide valuable guidance in addressing the close links between ICS on the one hand, and organizational systems on the other. To support our argument, we refer to selected theoretical perspectives and highlight their potential relevance to the BISE field.